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↑Parent: don't drive them out
reject those who do

Explore Verses Related to reject those who do

🕌Al-Baqarah2:85

At a Glance

According to search-discovered classical Islamic scholarship, the concept of Partial Belief (Al-Iman bi-Ba'd al-Kitab wa al-Kufr bi-Ba'd) is a critical theological warning detailed in Surah Al-Baqarah, verse 85. It refers to the hypocritical act of accepting parts of Divine Scripture that align with personal or tribal interests while rejecting commands that are inconvenient or require sacrifice. Tafsir Al-Tabari explains that this selective adherence is a form of disbelief, as it places human desire as an arbiter over Divine Law, fundamentally violating the principle of complete submission (Islam). The historical context, as detailed by Ibn Kathir, relates to the Jewish tribes of Medina who would contradictorily fight each other in alliances with Arab tribes (an act forbidden in their scripture) yet would ransom their captives (an act commanded by their scripture). This act of 'cherry-picking' the law is condemned with the severest of punishments: disgrace in this world and the harshest torment in the Hereafter, serving as a universal lesson against fracturing the religion of Allah. Contemporary Islamic scholars emphasize its relevance today for those who might embrace rituals but ignore social justice, or vice-versa, making a mockery of the faith.

📖 Quranic Context

A critical theme related to the integrity of faith, hypocrisy, and the necessity of complete submission to divine law.

It describes a corrupted relationship with Allah, where one attempts to negotiate or selectively obey His commands, leading to severe divine consequences.

References: The concept is explicitly detailed and condemned in Surah Al-Baqarah, verse 85.

💭 Theological Perspective

Represents the human tendency to follow desires over divine commands, choosing convenience over complete submission.

A state of cognitive dissonance where one's actions contradict their professed beliefs, leading to spiritual degradation.

Serves as a stark warning that divine guidance must be accepted in its entirety to be valid.

Considered a major obstacle to spiritual development, as it undermines the foundation of sincere faith (Iman).

📜 Hadith Perspective

The Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) consistently emphasized adherence to the whole of Islam, and his life exemplified complete submission.

  • The entirety of one's actions being judged by intentions.
  • Warnings against innovations (bid'ah) which often stem from rejecting parts of the Sunnah.
  • The analogy of the believers being like one body, which is broken by selective adherence.

Universal scholarly agreement that belief in the entire Quran and authenticated Sunnah is a prerequisite for being a Muslim.

💎 Deeper Insights

Search grounding reveals the specific historical irony: the Jewish tribes (Banu Qurayzah, Nadir, etc.) allied with Arab tribes (Aws and Khazraj) who were idolaters, and would then fight against their fellow Jews. This was a direct violation of their covenant, done for political power. Their subsequent ransoming of Jewish captives was a hollow act of piety designed to maintain their religious identity while ignoring its core tenets, a perfect illustration of selective faith.

— Ibn Kathir, Ma'arif al-Qur'an

Cross-scholar synthesis shows that the 'disgrace in this life' mentioned in 2:85 was not just a future threat but a direct prophecy. The very tribes who engaged in this partial belief and infighting were subsequently defeated and expelled from Medina by the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) for their treachery. Their internal division and selective faith led directly to their worldly humiliation, a historical fulfillment of the Quranic warning.

— Ibn Kathir, Al-Qurtubi

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