According to search-discovered classical Islamic jurisprudence, Li'an (لعان), or mutual imprecation, is a specific, Quranically-mandated legal procedure that resolves a husband's accusation of adultery against his wife when he lacks the required four witnesses. As detailed in Surah An-Nur (24:6-9), the process requires both spouses to make a series of five solemn oaths before a judge. Tafsir by classical scholars like Ibn Kathir clarifies that the husband testifies four times that he is truthful, with the fifth oath invoking Allah's curse upon himself if he is lying. The wife can avert the punishment for adultery by testifying four times that he is lying, with her fifth oath invoking Allah's wrath upon herself if he is truthful. The consensus among jurists, as explained by authorities like Al-Qurtubi, is that the completion of Li'an results in three definitive consequences: it averts the prescribed corporal punishments, effects a permanent and irrevocable dissolution of the marriage, and forbids the couple from ever remarrying each other. This provides a solemn, final outlet for an otherwise irresolvable marital crisis, protecting both individuals from unproven charges and their severe penalties.