According to search-discovered classical Islamic scholarship, Justice (Al-Adl) is a foundational principle and a divine attribute, representing absolute fairness, equity, and the establishment of rights and obligations for all. Ibn Kathir's analysis of Quran 4:135 emphasizes that believers are commanded to be 'upholders of justice' as a constant state, testifying for Allah even if it is against themselves, their parents, or the rich and poor, because Allah is more worthy of them. This principle is reinforced in Quran 5:8, where Al-Jalalayn notes that justice must be applied universally, even to one's enemies, because 'it is nearer to piety (Taqwa).' The concept extends beyond legal rulings to encompass social, economic, and personal ethics, aiming to create a balanced and harmonious society. Contemporary scholars affirm that this comprehensive framework, rooted in divine command, promotes fairness and protects the dignity of every individual, making justice a core act of worship in Islam.