According to search-discovered classical Islamic scholarship, the Quranic term Amaniyy (أَمَانِيّ), particularly in Surah Al-Baqarah 2:78, refers not to simple hopes, but to a corrupted religious practice based on falsehoods, baseless desires, and wishful thinking. The renowned exegete Ibn Kathir explains that this term describes the state of the 'Ummiyyun' (unlettered ones) who are ignorant of their scripture and instead follow fabricated ideas and conjectures they assume to be true. [1] This concept serves as a profound Quranic critique of any faith devoid of authentic knowledge ('ilm) and grounded in human assumption ('zann'). Al-Tabari and other early scholars reinforce this, defining 'Amaniyy' as lies uttered with the tongue that have no basis in divine revelation. The synthesis across verses like 2:78 and 4:123 establishes a core Islamic principle: true religion is founded upon the solid ground of the Divine Book, not the shifting sands of human desires and ignorant hearsay. [3, 4]