According to search-discovered classical Islamic scholarship, Wudu (الوضوء), or ablution, is the mandatory act of ritual purification performed before prayer (Salah) and other specific acts of worship. The definitive methodology is established in Surah Al-Ma'idah (5:6), which, as explained by exegetes like Al-Qurtubi, outlines the four obligatory (Fard) components: washing the face, washing the arms to the elbows, wiping the head, and washing the feet to the ankles. Linguistically derived from the Arabic root for 'brightness' and 'beauty', Wudu transcends mere physical hygiene; it is a profound spiritual preparation. Ibn Kathir's tafsir on the relevant verses highlights this dual nature, emphasizing both external cleanliness and internal readiness for communion with Allah. The Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) further details recommended (Sunnah) acts, such as rinsing the mouth and nose, which complete the ritual. This synthesis of Quranic command and Prophetic practice establishes Wudu as a foundational pillar of Islamic purity (Taharah), serving to remove minor ritual impurity and, as confirmed by numerous hadith, to spiritually cleanse a believer from their minor sins.